If you are looking to work in a high-temperature environment, then you will need to complete a Hot Work License Nyc Form. This form is used to ensure that workers in high-temperature environments have the necessary training and certification to safely complete their job. By completing this form, you will be able to work in any hot work environment in New York City. The process of completing this form is simple, and can be completed online in just a few minutes. Be sure to submit your application as soon as possible, as spaces for these licenses are limited.
This page contains information about hot work license nyc. It may be helpful to learn its size, the average time required to prepare the form, the blanks you'll need to fill in, and so on.
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Form Name | Hot Work License Nyc |
Form Length | 40 pages |
Fillable? | No |
Fillable fields | 0 |
Avg. time to fill out | 10 min |
Other names | hot work license nyc, nyc hot work permit application form, hot works permit, amazon |
FIRE DEPARTMENT ● CITY OF NEW YORK
STUDY MATERIAL FOR THE
CERTIFICATE OF FITNESS EXAMINATION FOR
TORCH USE OF FLAMMABLE GASES
(old
Note: This
©05/2011 New York City Fire Department - All rights reserved ®
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TABLE OF CONTENT |
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NOTICE OF EXAMINATION |
I |
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STUDY MATERIAL AND TEST DECRIPTION |
II |
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INTRODUCTION |
1 |
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DEFINITIONS |
6 |
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PART 1. GAS TORCH EQUIPMENT |
7 |
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1.1 |
Blowtorch |
7 |
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1.1.1 Blowtorch |
7 |
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1.1.2 |
8 |
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1.2 |
Different Use of Gas Torches |
9 |
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1.2.1 |
Welding and cutting |
9 |
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1.2.2 |
Brazing and Soldering |
10 |
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1.2.3 Other heavy duty application |
10 |
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PART 2. TORCH (HOT WORK) OPERATION |
12 |
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2.1 |
Responsible Person and |
13 |
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2.2 |
Designated Hot Work Area |
14 |
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2.3 |
Fire Watch |
17 |
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2.3.1 Special Regulations of Fire Watch in the |
18 |
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2.4 |
Personal Protection |
18 |
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2.5 |
Gas Torch Operation Precautions |
20 |
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2.6 |
Guidelines for Using an |
21 |
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2.6.1 Set Up an |
21 |
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2.6.2 Turn On an |
22 |
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2.6.3 Turn Off an |
22 |
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2.6.4 Special Precautions for Using |
22 |
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2.7 |
General Guidelines for Using a Blowtorch |
23 |
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2.7.1 Set Up a Blowtorch |
23 |
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2.7.2 Turn On a Blowtorch |
23 |
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2.7.3 Turn Off a Blowtorch |
23 |
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2.8 |
Common Problems Occur With Torch Operations |
24 |
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2.8.1 |
Backfire |
24 |
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2.8.2 |
Flashback |
24 |
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2.8.3 |
Check for Leaks |
24 |
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PART 3. COMPRESSED GAS CONTAINER |
26 |
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3.1 |
Handling, Use, and Storage of Compressed Gas |
26 |
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3.1.1 |
General Guidance |
26 |
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3.1.2 |
Related Equipment |
27 |
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3.1.3 Moving Compressed Gas Containers |
29 |
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3.1.4 |
Storing Containers |
30 |
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3.2 |
Handling and Use of Acetylene Gas |
31 |
A
PART 4. PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS |
32 |
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4.1 |
Operation Instructions for a Fire Extinguisher |
33 |
4.2 |
Fire Extinguishers |
34 |
4.3 |
Typical Fire Extinguishers |
35 |
4.4 |
Fire Extinguisher Inspections |
35 |
B
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NOTICE OF EXAMINATION |
Title: |
Examination for Certificate of Fitness for Torch Use of Flammable |
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Gases |
Date of Test: |
Written tests are conducted Monday through Friday (except legal |
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holidays) 8:00 AM to 2:30 PM. |
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QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS |
1.Applicants must be at least 18 years of age.
2.Applicants must have a reasonable understanding of the English language.
3.Applicants must present a letter of recommendation from his/her employer. The letter must be on official letterhead, and must state the applicant’s full name, character, physical conditions, experience, and address of premises where applicant will be employed.
4.Applicants must present two (2) forms of satisfactory identification i.e., driver’s license, passport, vehicle registration, library card, or equivalent.
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Application Fees: $25.00 for originals and $15.00 for renewals. The fee may
be paid by credit card (no debit), in cash, money order, or personal check payable to New York City Fire Department. The $25.00 fee must be payable by all applicants prior to taking the Certificate of Fitness test. Application forms are available at the Public Certification Unit, 1st floor, 9 Metro Tech Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201.
TEST INFORMATION
Test:The test will be of the written, multiple choice type. A passing score of at least 70% is required in order to secure a Certificate of Fitness. Call
I
STUDY MATERIAL AND TEST DECRIPTION
About the Study Material
This study material will help you prepare for the examination for the Certificate of Fitness for torch use of flammable gases. The study material includes information taken from the Fire Prevention Code of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. This study material consists of 4 parts. The exam covers the entire booklet and any tables. It will not be provided to you during the test. It is critical that you read and understand this booklet to help increase your chance of passing this exam. The study material does not contain all of the information you need to know to work with a torch. It is your responsibility to become familiar with all applicable rules and regulations of the City of New York, even if they are not covered in this study material. You need to be familiar with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 51B, and Fire Code Chapter 26, Chapter 35, and Chapter 38 which regulate the torch use of flammable gases in order to adequately prepare for the exam.
About the Test
All questions on the Certificate of Fitness examination are of the multiple choice type with four alternative answers to each question. Only one answer is most correct for each question. If you do not answer a question, or if you mark more than one alternative your answer will be scored as incorrect. A score of 70% is required on the examination in order to qualify for the Certificate of Fitness. Read each question carefully before marking your answer. There is no penalty for guessing.
Sample Questions
1.Who was the first President of the United States?
(A)George Jefferson.
(B)George Washington
(C)Bill Clinton.
(D)Barack H. Obama.
The correct answer is "B". You would press "B" on your computer terminal.
2.The city in the United States referred to as The Big Apple is:
(A)Los Angeles.
(B)Buffalo.
(C)Florida.
(D)New York.
The correct answer is "D". You would press "D" on your computer terminal.
II
INTRODUCTION
This document outlines New York City Fire Department regulations for welding, cutting and other torch and hot work operations and equipment. Hot work processes are a necessary part of much construction work and industrial work. However, the improper use is often a major cause of fire and it can result in loss of life and property.
Certificate of Fitness
According with the FDNY regulations, a
1.An
Torch operations using oxygen container and piped natural gas for jewelry manufacture may be performed by a person without a C of F, but must be under the personal supervision of a Certificate of Fitness holder. The Certificate of Fitness holder must regulate the pressure and flow of oxygen and natural gas to each torch.
However, if the torch operator for jewelry manufacture involves any oxygen with any fuel gas containers, the operator must be a C of F holder.
2.Any torch operation for
The Certificate of Fitness holder must keep the Certificates of Fitness upon his or her person or otherwise readily available for inspection by any representative of the Department, at all times while conducting or supervising the material, operation or facility for which the certificate is required.
Hot Work Permit
Permits issued by the FDNY are required to conduct the following hot work :
(1)storing, using or handling oxygen and a flammable gas, or
(2)storing, using or handling any flammable gas (e.g. LPG or CNG or acetylene) in excess of 400 SCF.
or
(3)storing, using or handling any oxidizing gas (e.g. oxygen) in excess of 504 SCF.
For LPG, 400 SCF is approximately 47 lbs. The following table lists the number of LPG containers for the storage, use, handling or transportation, requiring a permit. This permit will be issued by the Fire Commissioner after the location has been inspected and approved as acceptable for such practices.
LPG Container Capacity |
Number of Containers Requiring Permit |
14.1 oz |
54 |
16.4 oz |
46 |
20 lbs |
3 |
33.5 lbs |
2 |
40 lbs |
2 |
100 lbs |
1 |
Portable LPG containers that are more than 16.4 oz must not stored, handled, or used indoors in the following occupancies (as defined in the Building code): residential occupancies, factory and industrial occupancies; educational occupancies; institutional occupancies, except as the commissioner may authorize by rule.
1
Example of LPG container with a capacity of 20 lbs
Example of LPG container with a capacity of 100 lbs
Types of FDNY Permits
(1)
Such permit authorizes the permit holder to store, handle, or use flammable gases, or conduct a torch operation at a specific premises or location. A
Example of a permanent FDNY permit
2
Example of a temporary FDNY permit
This temporary permit is valid for 7 months.
(2) Citywide permit
A
Permits for Citywide Hot Work Operations
1.Each vehicle used to transport torches and containers of oxygen and flammable gas for use in citywide hot work operations must be inspected by a Department representative at the Bureau of Fire Prevention’s hazardous cargo vehicle inspection facility prior to the issuances of a permit for citywide hot work operations.
2.A
3.A separate permit must be applied for the storage of oxygen or flammable gas at a work site.
3
All permits are not transferable, and any change in occupancy, operation, tenancy or ownership requires that a new permit be issued. The Certificate of Fitness holder is responsible for making sure that all fire safety regulations and procedures are obeyed on the premises. Permits shall be readily available on the premise for inspection by Fire
Department representatives.
Hot Work Authorization (Hot Work Program Permit)
A hot work program authorization bearing the signature of the responsible person must be obtained for any project conducted on a premises involving hot work operations by the person in charge of such hot work operations. Hot work authorization should be issued by the responsible person and it must be available for inspection by any representative of the department during the performance of the work, and for 48 hours after the work is complete. An example of a hot work program permit is shown below.
The operation of gas torches is required to comply with the following FDNY code and rule sections:
Welding and Other Hot Work: [FC Chapter 26]
Flammable Gases: : [FC Chapter 35]
Liquefied petroleum gases: [FC Chapter 38]
Fire Prevention During Welding, Cutting and Other Hot Work: [NFPA 51B, 2003 edition]
Portable Space Heaters Fueled By Piped Natural Gas at Construction Sites [Rule
Use of Oxygen and a Flammable Gas in Citywide Hot Work Operations [Rule 2605- 01]
Piped Natural Gas and Oxygen Consuming Devices and Installations [Rule
Acetylene [Rule
Compressed Natural Gas [Rule
Liquefied Petroleum Gases [Rule
4
HOT WORK AUTHORIZATION PERMIT
Note: This authorization applies only to this job, and in the area specified during the date and time noted.
GENERAL INFORMATION
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Hot Work Performed By: |
Employee |
Contractor |
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Authorization # |
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Employee / |
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Contractors Name: |
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Supervisor / Foreman Name: |
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Supervisor / Foreman - |
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Location: Building address, room # and/or area of work . |
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Permit Start Date: ________________ Permit Start Time: ______________ |
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___________________________________________________________ |
Permit Stop Date: ________________ Permit Stop Time: ______________ |
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___________________________________________________________ |
Comments: ___________________________________________________ |
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___________________________________________________________ |
_____________________________________________ |
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HOT WORK ACTIVITY
ARC WELDING
SOLDERING
GRINDING
BRAZING
USING OXYGEN AND A FLAMMABLE GAS (FDNY PERMIT)
MAPP WELDING
WELDING
CUTTING
OTHER:___________________________________
All hot work activities must be conducted by FDNY Certificate of Fitness holders. Certificate holders shall be responsible for keeping such certificate upon his/her person or otherwise readily available for inspection.
Torch Operator:
Certificate #:
Exp Date:
Fire Guard:
Certificate #:
Exp Date:
ACCEPTANCE BY THE RESPONSIBLE PERSON FOR HOT WORK
I certify that all applicable codes, procedures, regulations, rules,
Name:
______________________________________________
Employee |
Contractor |
Signature:
______________________________________________
Date:
DESIGNATED TO AUTHORIZE THE PERFORMANCE OF HOT WORK
Name:
Signature:
Time:
Date:
Fire alarm precautions taken |
YES |
N/A Type: ________________________ |
______________________________________________________________________
YES |
FDNY permit required to conduct hot work?
YES |
N/A |
This authorization shall be available for inspection by any representative of the fire department during the performance of the work and for 48 hours after the work is complete.
5
DEFINITIONS
CNG: Compressed Natural Gas.
FIRE GUARD: A person holding a Certificate of Fitness for such purposes, who is trained in and responsible for maintaining a fire watch and performing such fire safety duties as may be prescribed by the commissioner.
FIRE WATCH: A temporary measure intended to ensure continuous and systematic surveillance of a building or portion thereof by one or more qualified individuals for the purposes of identifying and controlling fire hazards, detecting early signs of fire, raising an alarm of fire, and notifying the department.
HOT WORK: Cutting, welding, thermit welding, brazing, soldering, grinding, thermal spraying, thawing pipe, cadwelding, installation of
HOT WORK AREA: The area exposed to sparks, hot slag, radiant heat, or convective heat as a result of hot work.
LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gases.
NFPA: National Fire Protection Association. NFPA develops, publishes, and disseminates more than 300 consensus codes and standards intended to minimize the possibility and effects of fire and other risks.
PERSONAL SUPERVISION. Supervision by the holder of any department certificate who is required to be personally present on the premises, or other proximate location acceptable to the department, while performing the duties for which the certificate is required.
RESPONSIBLE PERSON: A person trained in the fire safety hazards associated with hot work, and in the necessary and appropriate measures to minimize those hazards, who is designated by the owner of a premises to authorize the performance of hot work at the premises.
SCF: Standard Cubic Feet.
6
PART 1. GAS TORCH EQUIPMENT
Gas torches are widely used for different purposes citywide. A fuel gas is used in the equipment to generate a flame to perform heating, cutting welding and brazing. Gas torches utilize two basic types of gas systems: blowtorch
Example of blowtorch |
Example of |
1.1Blowtorch
1.1.1Blowtorch
A propane torch is an example of a blowtorch, commonly used in
Fuel and Torch |
Regulator |
7
Most common fuel gases used in blowtorches are LPG (e.g. butane, propane), natural gas (methane) (either CNG or piped natural gas).
1.1.2
Some of the fuel gases used in
Both gas containers have control valves on the top of the container. The valves control the discharge of gas from the containers. Gas containers also have a protective cap or protective collar. The protective collar is always located on the top of the LPG container. The caps should be screwed on over the valve when the cylinders are not in use. These caps/collars prevent the valves from being damaged. The oxygen is stored at pressures up to 2200 psi (pounds per square inch). It has a safety disk installed in the control valve connection of the oxygen container. This disk will burst if the oxygen pressure in the cylinder becomes too great. This allows the oxygen to escape into the air and prevents an explosion. The pressure is likely to change if the cylinder becomes hot (e.g. in a fire).
The fuel gas (e.g. propane, natural gas or acetylene) is stored at higher pressures to keep a sufficient amount of fuel available for torch operations. However, it is dangerous to use the fuel gas at pressures above 15 psi, especially for acetylene. For this reason, a regulator is installed on the fuel cylinder. The regulator makes sure that the fuel is discharged from the gas container at a safe pressure range.
The two gases, oxygen and the fuel gases, are mixed inside the torch. The torch operator controls the mixture of the gases by using valves on the torch. Adjusting the valves controls the shape and intensity of the flame. The
An example of a typical oxyacetylene welding system is shown below.
8
A Typical Oxyacetylene Welding System
1.2Different Use of Gas Torches
1.2.1Welding and cutting
Welding involves joining two or more pieces of metal together to form a single piece. Molten metal is generated through an intense heat source. Unlike welding processes which join two pieces of metal, cutting processes involve separating or severing a piece of metal through intense heat generated to melt the metal. Both welding and cutting processes often include oxygen and fuel gas.
A Cutting Torch |
A Welding Torch |
9
1.2.2Brazing and Soldering
Brazing and soldering are similar to welding in that both the base metal and the filler metals are heated to melting and then solidify to form a joint. However, soldering and brazing temperatures are typically 840 ºF. Soldering or brazing typically involves smaller components to be joined and "softer" metals such as lead, tin or silver. Manual soldering processes use a
1.2.3Other heavy duty application
Gas torches also have applications for burning weeds, melting ice, or applying tar/asphalt to a roof. The flame is often a diffuse high temperature naked flame, heat is required, but not so hot as welding or cutting work. However, the temperature can exceed 2000°F.
10
Table: Examples of different torch
Use |
Temperature |
Common Torch |
Sample Picture |
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Types |
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Cutting |
> 2, 000 °F |
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Welding |
> 2, 000 °F |
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Brazing and |
Around |
Blowtorch |
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Soldering |
840°F |
(most common) |
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(large jobs or |
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jewelry work) |
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Other |
Wild range |
Blowtorch |
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Heavy |
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Duties |
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11
PART 2. TORCH (HOT WORK) OPERATION
Normally, the gas mixture is manually ignited by the operator when it leaves the torch. The flame itself can reach extremely high temperatures. A high temperature flame is needed to heat the metal. However, usually it is not the flame that causes a fire. Instead, it is the thousands of sparks and pieces of hot metal that are generated when using the torch. The sparks and pieces of hot metal are all possible sources of ignition. In fact, sparks and pieces of hot metal are the source of ignition in about 60% of all fires in industrial occupancies. This number is greatly reduced when the operators are trained to use the equipment correctly.
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Fire History Summary |
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Date |
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Fire Summary |
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Lessons Learned |
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Chinese city of Shanghai |
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There should be a safe |
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construction fire |
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distance between the |
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Sparks from welding |
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combustible materials |
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equipment set a light |
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(in this case the |
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nylon construction |
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bamboo scaffolding) |
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Nov. |
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netting and bamboo |
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the hot work |
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2010 |
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scaffolding that nearly |
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operations area, or |
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covered the building. |
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there should be a fire |
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58 people died and 56 |
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guard watching for |
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still missing, and more |
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sparks. |
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than 120 are injured. |
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Throgs Neck construction |
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Although still under |
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fire, |
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investigation, the |
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Queens, NY |
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cause reflects a lack of |
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At 5 a.m. a fire started |
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fire safety at the |
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July |
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near scaffolding and |
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construction site. |
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2009 |
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flammable construction |
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materials on the Queens- |
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side bridge approach by a |
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construction worker’s |
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blow torch. |
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Sheetrock had not yet |
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construction fire, |
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been installed to |
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Renton, WA |
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protect the wood |
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Several spot fires from a |
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framing. There should |
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roof torch had fallen into |
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be a fire guard |
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the void between the |
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watching for sparks. |
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June |
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insulation, ceiling, and |
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roof assembly, and a |
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2009 |
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breeze provided enough |
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air for a fire to flare up |
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early hours later. The fire |
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spread rapidly through |
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the wooden construction. |
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$12 million damage |
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estimate in this fire. |
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12
Date |
Fire Summary |
Lessons Learned |
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Casino Fire, Joliet, IL |
There should be a fire |
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A fire sparked by a |
guard watching for |
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construction worker |
sparks. |
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welded a kitchen hood in |
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an area of the casino. |
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Mar. |
The fire caused heavy |
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damage to sections of the |
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2009 |
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Empress Casino and |
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firefighters had to truck |
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in water to contain the |
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blaze. $340 million |
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damage estimate in this |
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fire. |
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Dongdu Commercial |
Only 60 escaped the |
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Building construction, |
fire, as construction |
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Luoyang, China |
material and |
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Construction workers in |
merchandise blocked |
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the basement dropped |
exits. Firefighters used |
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molten metal on flannel |
cranes to attempt |
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Dec. |
rags and wooden |
rescues, and the fire |
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2000 |
furniture. The welders |
took 3 hours to |
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fled without warning, and |
extinguish. The |
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workers on 2nd and 3rd |
welders who started |
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floor, as well as 200 |
the fire were |
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guests at an illegal party, |
performing unlicensed |
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were trapped. 309 people |
renovation work. |
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died. |
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Sources
Arnold, Jim. “Large Building Fires and Subsequent Code Changes”. April 7, 2005. FDNY: Worker’s blow torch started Throgs Neck fire. (2009, July 13). Newsday.
Small Fire causes damage at hospital construction site. (2010, February 16). Daily Sound. Stephen G. Badger. “US
A fire guard is responsible for overseeing torch operations. This person ensures that sparks and pieces of hot metal do not cause a fire in the area of hot work or the floor below. Like the torch operator, the fire guard is a Certificate of Fitness holder
2.1 Responsible Person and
For citywide hot work operations, the owner of the premises of the hot work operation areas must be notified in writing by the citywide permit holder at least 48 hours before the hot work is to be started. For all hot work operations, the owner of the hot work operation areas must designate a responsible person. The responsible person must ensure that the hot work is performed in compliance with the terms and conditions of the permit. The person should inspect the hot work site prior to issuing the hot work authorization (hot work program permit) to ensure that it is a fire safe area. He/she also need to periodically monitor the work as it is being performed to ensure there are no fire safety hazards. Hot work operations must be conducted under the general supervision of the responsible person.
13
The
A
1.Equipment.
(1)Available sprinklers, hose streams, and extinguishers are available and operable.
(2)Approved actions have been taken to prevent accidental operation of automatic fire detection systems.
(3)Hot work equipment in good repair.
2.Requirements within 35 feet of work area.
(1)Flammable liquids, dust, lint, and oil deposits removed.
(2)Floor swept clean.
(3)Combustible floors wet down, covered with
(4)Remove other combustibles where possible, otherwise protect with
(5)All wall and floor openings covered.
(6)Combustibles on other side of walls moved away.
3.Fire watch/ hot work area monitoring.
(1)Fire watch will be provided during hot work operations and will continue for a minimum of 30 minutes after work.
(2)Fire watch is supplied with fire extinguishers.
(3)Fire watch may be required for adjoining areas and below.
4.Permit and Certificate of Fitness.
(1)Required
(2)All persons performing hot work possess Certificate of Fitness (e.g.
2.2 Designated Hot Work Area
A designated area (e.g. a cutting and welding station) must be a specific area designed or approved for hot work. Partitions segregating hot work areas from other areas of the building must be of noncombustible or
14
Flammable materials are generally categorized as either liquids or gases that burn. For example gasoline and propane are flammable materials.
A visible hazard identification sign must be posted in a conspicuous location to warn others before they enter the hot work area. An example warning sign is shown below.
A Designated Hot Work Area
The 2009 edition of National Fire Protection Association 51B shows the
15
16
2.3 Fire Watch
FDNY certified fire guards
A fire guard may be required for adjoining areas and below. For example, an additional fire guard must be provided on the floor or level below the torch operation if torch operations are performed at the construction site or in connection with
The fire guard is responsible for fire safety duties during torch operations. This person ensures that sparks and pieces of hot metal do not cause a fire in the area of hot work or the floor below. Like the torch operator, the fire guard is a Certificate of Fitness holder (F- 60), and both must have this in their possession at all times during all torch operations.
The fire watch must be continued after the completion of torch operation. The fire guard must inspect all areas exposed to the effects of torch operations for the purpose of detecting fires. The entire work area should be checked after completion of hot work for fires. For all hot work, the inspection must be conducted 30 minutes after completion of torch operations. In the best practice, the 2nd inspection should be 1 hour after completion of torch operations. For any CNG or LPG torch operation, the first inspection shall be conducted 30 minutes after completion of torch operations; the second inspection 1 hour after completion of torch operations. This is to make sure that there are no smoldering fires in the building. The fire guards must complete a signed inspection report. The fire guards must complete a signed inspection report (or the log book). This report must be submitted to and retained by the person in charge of the torch operations. The inspection report must be made available to any representative of the Fire Department and should be maintained on the premises for reasonable length of time (e.g. 48 hours) after work is complete.
Such fire guards must not be assigned any duties other than to remain alert and guard against fire, and they must be alert to sparks, the transmission of heat, and the potential ignition of combustible material. They are also authorized to stop work if necessary, and restore safe conditions within the hot work areas. Such fire guards must be responsible for ensuring that fire extinguishing equipment is readily accessible from the time torch operations are commenced until an hour after such operations are completed. A minimum
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A fireguard should be present with
aminimum
Fire watch is required for adjoining areas and below to make sure that sparks do not cause a fire on the adjoining areas.
2.3.1Special Regulations of Fire Watch in the
A
2.4 Personal Protection
The
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A Well Ventilated Work Area
The workers should wear flame resistant gloves and aprons, skull caps, helmets or goggles, and safety shoes. Clothing with pockets or cuffs should not be worn while working. Sparks or pieces of hot metal might catch in the cuffs or pockets. The following picture shows the appropriate safety clothing to wear while cutting and welding.
Frayed clothing is particularly susceptible to ignition and burning and should NOT be worn when welding or cutting.
Protective Clothing to be Worn While Cutting and Welding
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2.5 Gas Torch Operation Precautions
Each person must operate only one torch at a time and such torch must not be left unattended while ignited. Any containers that contain combustible materials must not be cut, welded, or applied any torch operation. The container may catch fire and result in an explosion. Such explosions have caused serious injuries and several deaths. Even containers that have been empty for awhile may be dangerous as they may still contain flammable vapors. All combustible and flammable solids, liquids, dusts, or vapors must be removed from the container before cutting or welding. The containers should be thoroughly cleaned with the correct cleaning solutions.
It is prohibited to perform welding or cutting when supported by or resting on any compressed gas containers. Performing any
The torch equipment should only be used for purposes for which it was intended. It should not be used for any kind of tricks or stunts. This could result in serous or fatal injuries.
Automatic sprinkler protection shall not be shut off while hot work is performed. Cutting and welding may cause sprinkler heads to accidentally open if the temperature rises near the sprinkler heads. To prevent this the head should be covered by noncombustible barriers or damp cloth. The covers should be removed immediately after the cutting and welding is finished. If the work extends over several days, the covers shall be removed at the end of each workday.
Smoke Eater being used to remove fumes/smoke and prevent unnecessary fire alarm activations.
Posted Hot Work Authorization
(Hot Work Permit)
Welding Screen being used to prevent the passage of sparks, slag and heat from the hot work area.
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2.6 Guidelines for Using an
2.6.1Set Up an
Make sure that the valves and the regulators are clean.
Do not
Oxygen and fuel gas container valves must be accessible to the torch operator or fire guard for immediate shutoff of the gas supply in the event of an emergency.
Maintain a safe distance between the hot work area and the gas containers to protect the containers from heat, sparks, slag, or misdirection of the torch flame.
Check for leaks. If any leaks are found, shut the supply valve, DISCONTINUE USE and contact the supplier/manufacturer and take the system out of service.
If the fuel is piped natural gas, required protective flashback arrestor/checkvalve material must be installed as one of the following three options:
21
NFPA 51 offers three Options for placing the required protective flashback
Option 1: Put the flashback arrestor at the head end of the gas supply.
Option 2: Place flashback arrestors in each branch of the manifold.
Option 3: Places flashback arrestors at each torch.
Additional check valves are required at each torch in
Option 1 & 2 and on the oxygen line in Option 3.
Shutoff valves are required on both natural gas and oxygen lines at each torch location.
2.6.2Turn On an
Open the gas container valve slowly and allow pressure to stabilize. The acetylene container valve should be opened by only 1/4 turn. The acetylene pressure should never be above 15 psi. If more acetylene is needed to supply, the larger torch hose should be used.
Torch should be ignited by friction devices or other approved methods, should not use matches or other hot works.
Once the flame is lit, open the fuel valve more and open the oxygen torch valve until the desired flame composition is achieved.
2.6.3Turn Off an
If the torch operation is to be discontinued for a period of 1 hour or more, the torch valve must be closed and the gas supply to the torch also must be completely shut.
Turn off the gas torch valves. Some manufacturers suggest turning off the oxygen side first to prevent soot from building up inside the torch tip. But some may suggest first turn off the fuel gas torch valve. Then turn off the oxygen. It is always best to follow the instructions for the torch you are using.
Close both the oxygen and fuel container valves completely.
Open the torch valves, one at a time, to bleed the hoses. The pressure shown on both pressure gauges should drop to zero. Close the torch valves. Turn both regulator pressure screws
Disconnect the regulators from the gas containers or disconnect the hoses from the regulators.
2.6.4Special Precautions for Using
(1)Avoid oil or grease
Containers, valves, regulators, hose and other apparatus and fittings for oxygen must kept free of oil or grease. Oxygen containers, regulators must not be handled with oily hands, oily gloves, or greasy tools or equipment. The oil and grease are more likely to ignite in the presence of oxygen. This is because the oxygen intensifies the burning of other materials. The mixture of pressurized oxygen and oil or grease may also cause an explosion.
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(2) Never mix gases inside a container
Never attempt to mix oxygen and fuel inside a container. Never attempt to transfer oxygen or acetylene from one gas container to another.
2.7General Guidelines for Using a Blowtorch
2.7.1Set Up a Blowtorch
Make sure that the valves and the regulators are clean.
Do not
The fuel gas container valve must be accessible to the torch operator or fire guard for immediate shutoff of the gas supply in the event of an emergency.
Maintain a safe distance between the hot work area and the gas containers to protect the containers from heat, sparks, slag, or misdirection of the torch flame.
Check for leaks. If any leaks are found, shut the supply valve, DISCONTINUE USE and contact the supplier/manufacturer and take the system out of service.
2.7.2Turn On a Blowtorch
Open the gas container valve slowly and allow pressure to stabilize.
Open the fuel torch valve a very small amount and light with a spark lighter.
Torch should be ignited by friction devices or other approved methods, should not use matches or other hot works. Use the torch valve to control the size and heat of flame.
2.7.3Turn Off a Blowtorch
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If the torch operation is to be discontinued for a period of 1 hour or more, the torch valve must be closed and the gas supply to the torch also must be completely shut.
The torch system must be shut down as follows:
a.Close gas container valve.
b.Open torch valve and drain regulator and lines. DO NOT discharge toward people, flame or source of ignition.
c.Release regulator adjusting knob fully counterclockwise.
d.Shut off torch valve. Disconnect torch and regulator, replace the protective cap and plug to the hose end and supply tank respectively for overnight or longer shutdown.
2.8 Common Problems Occur With Torch Operations
2.8.1Backfire
This occurs when the flame on the torch goes out unexpectedly. A loud snap or pop may occur when the flame goes out. Sometimes the flame will quickly relight. This happens when the working surface area is hot enough to
(1)Touching the nozzle tip against the working surface.
(2)Overheating the nozzle tip.
(3)The oxygen and/or the fuel gas is set at the wrong pressure.
(4)The cutting or welding tip is loose or dirty.
(5)Dirt on the work surface.
(6)Kinks or blockages in the hoses.
(7)The nozzle tip is damaged and not seated properly in the torch head.
If backfire is noticed the container valves should be closed and the equipment checked for the symptoms listed above. If any dirt or damage is noticed, it should be cleaned or repaired before the equipment is used again.
2.8.2Flashback
This occurs when the cutting or welding flame burns inside the torch or the hoses. It is usually accompanied by a whistling or hissing noise. As soon as the hissing or whistling is noticed the torch control valves should be closed. Then the fuel gas container valve should be closed. This allows the flame to burn itself out. After a few minutes the fire should have burned itself out.
Flashback indicates that there is something seriously wrong with the equipment. The equipment should be checked for damage or blockage. Check for the same conditions that might cause backfire. A build up of dirt may also cause the flashback. This can be a very dangerous situation. Care should be taken to make sure that it is fixed properly. If the equipment is not cleaned and repaired correctly it may result in an explosion. The entire system should be cleaned and repaired if needed. If the flashback happens again, a qualified technician should repair the equipment.
2.8.3Check for Leaks
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The gas containers, valves, hoses, and related equipment should be inspected for physical damage. Special care should be taken to identify any defects that may cause a leak. Any defective components that are discovered must be marked and be replaced before the equipment may be used again. If any leak of flammable gases or oxygen is detected, move the gas container to an isolated,
After the new container has been connected to the appliance, all connections must be checked for leaks. Most of these leaks occur at the top of the gas container in areas such as the valve threads, pressure safety device, valve stem and valve outlet.
These areas must be checked using a soap and water solution. NEVER CHECK FOR LEAKS WITH A FLAME. First make sure that all connections are tight. Then open the container valve. Each connection is checked by brushing or spraying a soap and water mixture on the connection. The connection should be checked to see if any air bubbles are present. If no air bubbles are visible there is no leak. However, if bubbles are present there may be a problem with the connection. The suspected fittings should be disconnected and cleaned. Then the connection is tightened and the checking procedure is repeated. If the bubbles are still visible, there is a problem with the connection. The fittings should be repaired or replaced before the equipment is used again. A lighted flame (for example, a match) should never be used when checking a connection for a leak.
Occasionally, ice or moisture may build up on the regulator. Icy
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PART 3. COMPRESSED GAS CONTAINER
The gases used by gas torches are commonly supplied in compressed gas containers, which can pose additional handling and transport hazards. All compressed gases are potential hazards because of the pressure within the container, their flammability, and/or their toxicity. The chemical is in gaseous form and pressurized, it can quickly contaminate a large area in the event of a leak.
3.1 Handling, Use, and Storage of Compressed Gas
3.1.1General Guidance
(1)Label all compressed gas containers clearly
The contents of any compressed gas container must be clearly identified. Gas identification should be stenciled or stamped on the container or a label, and is typically applied near the neck of the container. Do not rely solely on the color of the container to identify the contents. Do not use any container that is unmarked or has conflicting marking or labels.
(2) Do not refill container
The gas containers must be replaced when they are empty. It is illegal to refill gas containers in New York City. Empty containers must be handled in the same manner as full ones. They should be marked empty, the container valve or regulator tap must be closed and stored separately from full containers. All empty containers must be promptly removed by vendors.
(3) Upright position
The oxygen and the fuel gas containers should be maintained in an upright position when being used. This is true for both the portable and the manifold system. This is especially important for the acetylene containers. If the acetylene container is used while on its side the acetone may escape. This may result in an explosion inside the gas container. The gas containers used for a portable
(4)
Indoor compressed gas storage and compressed gas use areas must be located in well- ventilation areas.
(5) Always replace the protective cap
Most gas containers have a protective cap, LP Gas containers have a collar. These devices protect the container control valve from physical damage. The protective cap is shaped like an inverted cup. It is screwed on top of the gas container. It must be in place when the gas container is not in use. The protective collar is welded onto the top of the container. The collar extends above the height of the containers control valve. An example of a container with a protective collar installed is shown below.
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A Typical Protective Collar
(6)Away from Temperature and Physical Damage
All gas containers and the related equipment must be protected from extreme temperature and physical damage. For example, gas containers for temporary stationary service must be placed on firm and
(7)Regular Inspection
The Certificate of Fitness holder must regularly inspect the compressed gas containers, connections, and appliances for leaks. The damaged containers must be removed from services, repaired and tested by an authorized person.
Quick visual check of compressed gas containers:
No extreme denting, gouging, or corrosion is on the compressed gas container.
The container protective cap/collar and the foot ring are intact and are firmly attached.
The container is painted or coated to minimize corrosion.
The container pressure relief valve indicates no visible damage, corrosion of operating components, or obstructions.
There is no leakage from the compressed gas container.
The container is installed on a firm foundation and is not in contact with the soil.
3.1.2Related Equipment
(1)Control valve
A control valve is on the top of each gas container. This valve can be opened or closed to control the discharge of the contents of the gas container. A handle is simply turned to open most gas control valve. The control valve must be opened by hand. A special key is needed to open the acetylene control valve. Adjusting the valves controls the shape and intensity of the flame. Acetylene valves shall not be opened more than 1 1/2 turns. Container valves shall be closed before moving a gas container, when the torch is not in use, and when the gas container is empty.
(2) Regulator
Before the gas containers can be used, a regulator must be attached to each of the control valves. A regulator is one of the most important parts of a compressed gas system. The purpose of the regulator is to control the flow of gas and lower the pressure from the container to the appliance. The regulator not only acts as a control regarding the flow and distribution of gas, but also as a safety barrier between the high pressure of the gas container and the end use appliance.
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Always select the regulators recommended by the manufacturer. Do not interchange regulators between different sizes/types of container without consulting the manufacture.
Do not open the gas container valve or regulator tap until the regulator is securely attached. Regulator connections to gas container valves must be completely free of dirt, dust, oil, and grease. The regulator controls the discharge rate of gas from the container. Examples of typical regulators are shown below.
A Typical Regulator of LPG Container
A Typical Regulator of Acetylene or Oxygen
Container
A Typical Regulator of CNG Container
(3) Hose, Piping and Tubing
The regulator is also connected to a hose that supplies the gas to the appliance. This hose must be securely connected to the appliance. A rubber slip connection is prohibited. Only DOT approved hoses designed for a working pressure of 350 psi. are allowed. Generally speaking, nonmetallic pipe, tubing and components for any installation, appliance or equipment using LPG or CNG is prohibited. However, nonmetallic hose may be allowed at construction sites. Hoses must be as short as practical protecting from mechanical injury, but they must not be too close to an open flame. Hoses must be protected from physical damage and no hose is allowed to exceed 30 feet. When the gas containers are used inside buildings, the hose must not pass through any partitions, walls, ceilings, or floors. (NFPA 58 6.20.3.2)
This is designed for a rubber slip which is prohibited.
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Piping in systems must be run as directly as is practical from one point to another, with as few fittings as practical. The use of nonmetallic pipe tubing, or hose for permanently interconnecting gas containers is prohibited. All piping and tubing must be protected against damage by vehicles and by
3.1.3Moving Compressed Gas Containers
A compressed gas container must not be rolled on its side or its rim. It must be moved only by using approved lifting equipment. Containers must never be dropped or thrown from any height. Before transporting any compressed gas containers make sure that the valves are tightly closed.
Compressed gas containers should be moved in an upright position, and must be moved using an approved method. Where containers are moved by hand cart, the hand truck or other mobile device must be designed for the secure movement of containers. Carts and trucks utilized for moving compressed gas containers outdoors must be designed so that the containers will be secured against dropping, or otherwise striking against each other or other surfaces. Ropes, chains or slings must not be used to suspend compressed gas containers unless such containers have been designed for such handling. Valves of compressed gas containers must not be used for lifting.
1.Compressed gas container should be used, handled, and stored in upright position, except those designed for use in a horizontal position.
2.Compressed gas containers placed on carts and trucks must be individually restrained.
Compressed gas containers must be moved using an approved method.
If the compressed gas containers need to be transported between different floors, if possible use an elevator (e.g. freight elevator, construction elevator, or passenger elevator when approved), and such elevator shall be occupied by the minimum number of persons.
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All compressed gas containers may be transported only in approved vehicles. A FDNY transportation permit issued by the Bureau of Fire Prevention is required for each vehicle transporting quantities exceeding 400 SCF of any flammable gas (e.g. LPG/CNG), or exceeding 504 SCF of oxygen. Compressed gas containers may be delivered only to sites displaying a permit or Letter of Authorization issued by the Fire Commissioner.
3.1.4Storing Containers
A permit is required for any storage area storing (1) any flammable gas (e.g. LPG or CNG or acetylene ) in excess of 400 SCF; or (2) any oxygen in excess of 504 SCF. The Certificate of Fitness holder is responsible for the safe storage and use of the gas containers. The CNG and LPG and other flammable gases container storage must be located away from the following: Electric power lines; Piping containing flammable or combustible liquids; Piping containing flammable gases; and Piping containing oxidizing materials. The oxygen containers must be separated from any flammable gas containers (e.g. LPG, CNG, Acetylene) or combustible materials (e.g. oil or grease) by a minimum distance of 20 feet, or by protective structures at a minimum distance of 5 feet having a minimum fire- resistance of 2 hours.
Unit Size References
SCF = Standard Cubic Feet
One standard size Oxygen container (9.27 in x 55.5 in) is approximately 307 SCF
One standard size Acetylene container (12 in x 48.5 in) is approximately 420 SCF
3,500 SCF in total storage / 300 SCF per standard cylinder = 11.40 cylinders
Brazing is typically done with a B tank
(1)Separation from hazardous conditions
All compressed gas containers and systems in storage or use shall be away from materials and conditions that present potential hazards to them or to which they present potential hazards. It is recommended to group containers according to the type of gas (e.g. flammable, oxidizer) or whether containers are full or empty, if they are stored at the same location. Fuel gas or oxygen containers in storage must be separated from any combustible materials by a minimum distance of 20 feet. Oxidizing gases shall not be stored/used or come in contact with oil, grease, or other petroleum base.
Generally, the compressed gas containers shall be kept away from
Sources of ignition
Temperature extremes (Above 125 ºF or less than mean low atmospheric temperatures)
Corrosive chemicals or fumes
Falling objects
Public tampering
Ledges, unprotected platforms, and elevators or other areas where the container could drop a distance exceeding
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(3) Quantity Limitation of Gas Storage
The maximum allowable quantities of different gas storage are listed as below.
|
|
|
Gas Type |
|
||
Storage Location |
LPG |
CNG |
Acetylene |
Oxygen |
||
Indoor |
Per Storage Area |
200 lbsb |
1,000 SCFc |
1,000 SCFc |
1,500 |
|
Storage |
SCFc,d,e |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|||
Outdoor |
Per Storage Area |
400 lbs |
1,000 SCFc |
1,000 SCFc |
1,500 SCFd,e |
|
Storage |
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
||
Construction |
Per Storage Area |
2,500 lbs |
21,250 SCF |
1,000 SCFc |
1,500 SCFd,e |
|
Max. Quantitya |
5,000 lbs |
42,500 SCF |
15,000 SCFc |
1,500 SCFd,e |
||
Outdoor |
||||||
Min. Separation |
|
|
|
|
||
Storage |
50 feet |
50 feet |
50 feet |
20 feet |
||
b/w 2 Areas |
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
||
Construction |
Per Storage Area |
1,250 lbs |
10,625 SCF |
1,000 SCFc |
1,500 SCFd,e |
|
Max. Quantitya |
2,500 lbs |
21,250 SCF |
1,000 SCFc |
1,500 SCFd,e |
||
Indoor |
||||||
Min. Separation |
|
|
|
Not |
||
Storage |
70 feet |
70 feet |
50 feet |
|||
b/w 2 Areas |
applicable |
|||||
|
|
|
|
a. In any single construction site
b. If the indoor storage location is not accessible to the public, such as industrial buildings, the capacity can be up to 300 lbs.
c. Storage in amounts exceeding 1,000 SCF must comply with the requirements of FC Table 2703.1.1(1) or FC3504.
d. Only one liquid oxygen container having a maximum water capacity of 6.2 SCF is allowed.
e. Storage and use of oxygen containers in connection with CNG torch operations must be limited to a total capacity not exceeding 279 SCF.
All empty or
3.2 Handling and Use of Acetylene Gas
Acetylene gas is a colorless, extremely flammable gas with a
For use in welding and cutting, the working pressure must be controlled by a regulator. You should never set the regulator above 15 psi as the acetylene will decompose explosively. Acetylene leaks, no matter how small can have serious consequences.
The acetylene containers have safety plugs installed on the top and bottom of the container. These plugs melt if the container becomes too hot for it to be used safely. The melted plugs allow the gas to escape slowly. This prevents the container from exploding.
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PART 4. PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
Aportable fire extinguisher with at least a
In the event of a fire extinguisher has been discharged, a fully charged replacement is required before work can resume. The C of F holder is recommended to be trained for the use of portable fire extinguisher. Portable fire extinguishers are important in preventing a small fire from growing into a catastrophic fire, however, they are not intended to fight large or spreading fires. The trained
Certificate of Fitness holders should only consider extinguishing fires when they are limited in size and spread such that they can readily be extinguished using a portable fire extinguisher. By the time the fire has spread, fire extinguishers, even if used properly, will not be adequate to extinguish the fire. Such fires should be extinguished by the building fire extinguishing systems or trained firefighters only. In case of any fire, FDNY must be notified. Fire extinguishers must be used in accordance with the instructions painted on the side of the extinguisher. They clearly describe how to use the extinguisher in case of an emergency. The Certificate of Fitness holder should be familiar with the use of portable fire extinguishers. When it comes to using a fire- extinguisher just remember the acronym P.A.S.S. to help make sure you use it properly. P.A.S.S. stands for Pull,
Aim, Squeeze, Sweep.
All fire extinguishers must be installed so that the top of the extinguisher is not more than 5 ft above the floor and the clearance between the bottom of the extinguisher and the floor is not less than 4 in. In other words, no fire extinguisher is allowed to put on floor.
Fire extinguisher in a |
A stackable and portable stand |
Improper floor placement |
|
is convenient for temporary |
|||
construction site. |
of Fire Extinguisher. |
||
extinguisher installation. |
|||
|
|
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4.1 Operation Instructions for a Fire Extinguisher
Special care must be taken when extinguishing a gas fire caused by a leak. The easiest way to extinguish the fire is to shut off by using the Emergency Shut Off valve until the flame is extinguished. In case of any fire, Fire Department must be notified. The flame must be approached from an upwind direction. This will prevent the Certificate of Fitness holder from being burned by the flames. Never approach a fire from a downwind direction. The correct ways to approach a fire are shown below.
The dry chemical stream must be directed toward the point where the flame begins. Do not direct the chemical stream at the center of the flame. This will not extinguish the fire. The correct way to direct the dry chemical stream is shown below.
For the piped gas, the gas supply must be shut off first and then call 911. This is safer than allowing the flammable gas (e.g. acetylene or LPG) to leak out. A flammable gas leak could result in a serious explosion if it were ignited. Never attempt to extinguish the flame unless the gas supply shut. When it is not possible to shut off the gas supply (e.g. the fire is near the control valve or the
33
trained Certificate of Fitness holders should only consider extinguishing fires when they are limited in size and spread such that they can readily be extinguished using a portable fire extinguisher. By the time the fire has spread, fire extinguishers, even if used properly, will not be adequate to extinguish the fire. Such fires should be extinguished by the building fire extinguishing systems or trained firefighters only.
4.2 Fire Extinguishers
The Certificate of Fitness holder must be familiar with the different types of fire extinguishers available at the work site. The Certificate of Fitness holder must know how to operate the extinguishers in a safe and efficient manner. The Certificate of Fitness holder must also know the difference between the various types of extinguishers and when they may be used. A description of the classes of fires and the appropriate extinguishers are described below.
CLASS A fires are caused by ordinary combustible materials (such as wood, paper, and cloth). To extinguish a Class A fire, these extinguishers utilize either the
CLASS B fires are caused by flammable or combustible liquids and gases such as oil, gasoline, etc. To extinguish a Class B fire, the
CLASS C fires involve electrical equipment. These fires must be fought with fire extinguishers that do not conduct electricity. Foam and water type extinguishers must not be used to extinguish electrical fires. After shutting off the electrical equipment, extinguishers for Class A or B fires may be used.
CLASS D fires are caused by ignitable metals, such as magnesium, titanium, and metallic sodium, or metals that are combustible under certain conditions, such as calcium, zinc, and aluminum. Generally, water should not be used to extinguish these fires.
A
Examples of fire extinguishers
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4.3 Typical Fire Extinguishers
Symbols may also be painted on the extinguisher. The symbols indicate what kind of fires the extinguisher may be used on. Examples of these symbols are shown below.
Fire Extinguisher Identification Symbols
The symbol with the shaded background and the slash indicates when the extinguisher must not be used. The Certificate of Fitness holder must understand these symbols. All fire extinguishers should be kept in good working order at all times.
4.4 Fire Extinguisher Inspections
The extinguishers are required to be inspected monthly. The owner of the premises is responsible to designate a person to perform a monthly inspection. This inspection is a "quick check" that a fire extinguisher is available and will operate. It is intended to give reasonable assurance that the fire extinguisher is fully charged and operable. This is done by verifying that it is in its designated place, that it has not been actuated or tampered with, and that there is no obvious or physical damage or condition to prevent its operation. The information of the monthly inspection record must include the date the inspection was performed, the person performing the inspection, and those portable fire extinguishers found to require corrective action. Such recordkeeping must be either attached to the extinguisher or on an inspection checklist maintained on file. Labels or markings indicating fire extinguisher use, or classification, or both shall be placed on the front of the fire extinguisher. At least once per year, all fire extinguishers must be maintained by a FDNY approved company and a
Monthly inspection tag.
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